黄土洞室掘进深度与围岩位移变化规律研究     

时卫民  王鹏  赵尚毅 《岩土工程技术》2020,(2):70-75

应用PLAXIS 2D/3D有限元分析软件,对某黄土洞室进行了二维、三维分步掘进、三维一次掘进等工况的弹塑性有限元分析,研究分析了不同工况下洞室围岩位移的变化规律,并对掌子面的空间效应进行了分析。分析结果表明,二维与三维分步计算的最终位移基本一致,可以用二维的计算结果来估算洞室开挖的最终位移。三维分步掘进的分析表明,不同埋深的洞室其位移比的变化规律基本一致,当L/B<1时(L为掘进深度,B为洞室跨度),位移比呈线性增加;当L/B>1时,位移比呈非线性增加;当L/B>3时,其最大位移接近最终位移。掌子面的空间效应分析表明,在掌子面处的位移约为最终位移的1/3,距掌子面0.5倍跨度处的位移约为最终位移的2/3,距掌子面2.5倍跨度处的位移基本达到了最终位移。  相似文献   

欠固结地层静止侧压力简化计算方法     

乔亚飞  逯兴邦  黄俊  丁文其 《岩土力学》2020,41(11):3722-3729

大量工程实践表明：正确预估欠固结地层的静止侧压力大小对工程的稳定性分析和安全设计十分重要。因此，通过理论分析和数值模拟深入探讨了固结排水过程中地层侧向压力的变化规律，建立了静止侧压力与超固结比OCR的联系，提出了等效静止土压力系数的概念和计算公式，形成了考虑OCR影响的欠固结地层静止侧压力简化计算方法，并用数值模拟和试验结果进行了验证。提出的等效静止土压力系数实现了欠固结地层和正常固结地层侧压力计算的统一。研究结果表明：欠固结地层的静止侧压力随超固结比OCR的增大而线性减小，且随土体有效内摩擦角的增大，OCR对侧向压力的影响越大。上述研究成果可为欠固结地层的土压力计算提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

开挖前降水引发基坑变形机制模型试验研究     

曾超峰  薛秀丽  宋伟炜  李淼坤  白宁 《岩土力学》2020,41(9):2963-2972

现有基坑相关研究主要关注土方开挖过程引起的变形，认为围护结构变形起点是土方第1次开挖。然而，一些工程实测表明，基坑开挖前降水阶段即可引起围护结构及周边地层发生厘米级的变形。显然，未考虑开挖前变形的基坑监测数据将低估基坑施工的环境效应。为了研究基坑开挖前降水引发基坑变形的机制，开展了室内模型试验，对基坑开挖前降水过程进行了缩尺精细化模拟。通过微型降水井的设置与调控，模型试验真实再现了实际基坑降水过程中井流效应对围护结构受力变形的影响。试验过程中发现，随着降水的进行，坑外降水漏斗不断扩展，围护结构悬臂式侧移及坑外拱肩式地面沉降也随之产生。另外，降水导致墙前水压力明显减小，并诱发墙前侧向总压力重分布（以减小为主），围护结构为此发生指向坑内的悬臂式运动以寻求新的受力平衡，并通过墙后土体损失诱发坑外地层变形。  相似文献   

Crack nucleation in saturated porous media     

Luc Dormieux  Eric Lemarchand  Thomas Carlioz  Laurent Jeannin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(5):553-574

Crack nucleation has been the subject of important contributions in the last two last decades. However, it seems that few attention has been granted to the case of saturated porous media. This is the question addressed in the present paper which is devoted to nucleation in traction mode. From a physical point of view, nucleation is a sudden phenomenon, so that the material response is both adiabatic and undrained. In the spirit of the variational approach, the nucleated crack is viewed as the final state of a region of space in which the material undergoes a full damage process. In traction mode, the opening of a saturated crack in undrained condition induces a drop of fluid pressure. In case of low fluid compressibility, the presence of the fluid delays the brittle failure usually associated with nucleation, as long as the fluid pressure remains above the saturation vapor pressure. Nucleation is therefore possible only if a partial vaporization of the fluid takes place.  相似文献   

Time series analysis for evaluating hydrological responses of pore-water pressure to rainfall in a slope     

Jun-Mo Kim 《水文科学杂志》2017,62(9):1412-1421

Characterization of pore-water pressure at the soil–atmosphere interface is a major requirement in relation to slope instability. A rain-gauge and five piezometers (BH1–BH5) were installed on a slope located in a Korean military base. The upper slope (BH4, BH5) was covered with plastic sheets to prevent rainwater from percolating into the slope due to safety issues. Rainfall is matched by prompt changes in the pore-water pressure except at BH5. Due to the plastic cover, the pore water does not show any significant change in the early period by evapotranspiration. From correlation analysis, two wells (BH3, BH5) have longer memory effects due to matrix flow of past precipitation. Two principal components show hydrological responses of pore water to rainfall during intense rainfall, but PC2 does not indicate any important changes in low or no rainfall. This study suggests that correlation analysis with PCA can be a valuable tool for interpreting datasets consisting only of pore-water pressure.  相似文献   

Effect of grain‐scale pressure variations on garnet growth: a numerical approach          下载免费PDF全文

X. Zhong  J.C. Vrijmoed  L. Tajčmanová 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2017,35(1):19-33

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The effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability          下载免费PDF全文

Qiujing Pan  Daniel Dias 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(15):2123-2136

The kinematic approach in combination with numerical simulation is used to examine the effect of pore water pressure on tunnel face stability. Pore water pressure distribution obtained by numerical calculations using FLAC^3D is used to interpolate the pore water pressure on a 3D rotational collapse mechanism. Comparisons are made to check the present approach against other solutions, showing that the present approach improves the existing upper bound solutions. Results obtained indicate that critical effective face pressure increases with water table elevation. Several normalized charts are also presented for quick evaluation of tunnel face stability. At the end of the paper, the influence of anisotropic permeability on tunnel face stability is also discussed, showing that the isotropic model leads to an overestimation of the necessary tunnel face pressure for anisotropic soils. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Multiple overpressure systems and their relationship with hydrocarbon accumulation in the Qikou Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin,China     

Xue‐Bin Du  Xi‐Nong Xie  Yong‐Chao Lu  Liang Zhang  Wei Peng  Yun‐Peng Li 《Geological Journal》2015,50(4):465-476

Pressure measurements using drill stem tests and estimates from log data calculation indicate that three vertically stacked regional pressure compartments exist in the Qikou Depression of Bohai Bay Basin, N. China. The compartments comprise hydrostatic, upper weak, and lower overpressure systems. Laterally, overpressure (pressure coefficient > 1.2) occurs in the deeper areas and weakens gradually from the centre to the margin of the depression. The accumulation of oil and gas exhibits the interesting characteristics of oil‐bearing layers above gas‐bearing layers in the Qikou Depression. The pattern can be accounted for by the evolution of overpressure system, the maturity process of the source rock and the main fault activity. In the late Dongying Formation (Ed, 30 Ma), the lower overpressure system began to form shape, and the hydrocarbon sources generated a large volume of oil. However, because there was no migration pathway, the oil only accumulated in the original strata. In the late Guantao Formation (Ng, 12 Ma), the gas was generated, the upper overpressure system formed gradually, and the activity of the main fault gradually increased. Then, the overpressure pushed the early gathered oil to flow from the lower overpressure system into the upper overpressure system. Afterwards, the activity of the main fault decreased again and remains weak until now. Thus, later generated natural gas cannot keep migrating along the main fault and can only accumulate in the lower overpressure system. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

川中地区上三叠统须家河组气田异常高压演化研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马德文  邱楠生  谢增业  许威 《沉积学报》2011,29(5):953-961

根据川中地区上三叠统须家河组典型气田的现今实测地层压力分析了异常高压发育的特征。以现今实测压力为约束,利用流体压实耦合方法恢复了须家河组气田主要储层的压力演化史。研究结果表明：上三叠统须家河组储层超压的发育在总体上是逐渐增大的,其地层压力演化可划分为三个阶段：（1）150 Ma之前为常压阶段,地层压力等于静水压力;（2...  相似文献   

西藏尼木变质岩特征及变质温压条件     

孙凯  周肃  赵志丹  张琳琳  刘栋 《岩石学报》2011,27(12):3718-3726

出露于雅鲁藏布江缝合带北侧尼木县的变质岩主要由石榴黑云片麻岩和黑云斜长角闪角岩组成.研究表明岩石变质程度达到角闪角岩相-辉石角岩相;石榴子石变斑晶具有生长环带,角闪石均为钙质角闪石,黑云母大多为铁质黑云母和铁叶云母,长石多为更长石和中长石,少量为正长石.利用石榴子石-黑云母温度计、石榴子石-黑云母-斜长石-石英压力计和角闪石-斜长石温度及压力计计算获得石榴黑云片麻岩和黑云斜长角闪角岩的变质温度分别为619 ～661℃,695 ～ 702℃,压力范围分别为1.86～1.94kbar和3.69～4.56kbar.野外和室内研究认为岩石原岩为冈底斯带南缘叶巴组火山岩及其上部沉积岩,岩石经历了高温低压的接触变质作用.结合已有冈底斯带陆缘岩浆活动特征,对变质岩的形成环境和过程进行了反演.  相似文献